{"id":14741,"date":"2018-12-10T13:44:33","date_gmt":"2018-12-10T12:44:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bmscience.net\/blog\/?p=14741"},"modified":"2024-02-06T09:26:00","modified_gmt":"2024-02-06T08:26:00","slug":"ereditarieta-mendeliana-malattie-autosomiche-recessive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/ereditarieta-mendeliana-malattie-autosomiche-recessive\/","title":{"rendered":"Ereditariet\u00e0 mendeliana: malattie autosomiche recessive"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-image-14742\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"880\" height=\"441\" src=\"http:\/\/www.bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Clipboard-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14742\" style=\"width:416px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Clipboard-3.jpg 880w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Clipboard-3-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Clipboard-3-768x385.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 880px) 100vw, 880px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.scienceforpassion.com\/2016\/01\/alberi-genealogici-come-si-distingue.html\">Science for Passion<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Le <strong>malattie autosomiche recessive<\/strong> si differenziano rispetto a quelle <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bmscience.net\/blog\/ereditarieta-mendeliana-malattie-autosomiche-dominanti\/\">dominanti<\/a> in quanto nell&#8217;albero genealogico, ci sono dei fenomeni isolati.<br>Poich\u00e9 entrambi gli alleli devono essere mutati, la probabilit\u00e0 di avere la patologia \u00e8 sicuramente pi\u00f9 bassa rispetto alle malattie dominanti. I figli hanno infatti il 25% di probabilit\u00e0 di ereditare entrambi gli alleli mutati da genitori entrambi eterozigoti, quindi genitori portatori di un allele mutato.<br>Nel momento in cui un genitore \u00e8 omozigote dominante, la malattia sicuramente non si manifesta. La probabilit\u00e0 di sviluppare una malattia autosomica recessiva \u00e8 identica tra maschi e femmine. Queste malattie sono comuni soprattutto nei gruppi ristretti (gruppi etnici, religiosi, in matrimoni tra consanguinei) proprio perch\u00e9 determinate da varianti alleliche rare. In contesti diversi da questi, \u00e8 difficile che entrambi i genitori abbiano le copie mutate per questo gene: sono quindi malattie pi\u00f9 diffuse in queste condizioni particolari.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Per <em><strong>imbreeding<\/strong> <\/em>si intendono incroci di individui non imparentati, ma geneticamente correlati, perch\u00e9 abitanti di isole, o appartenenti a minoranze etniche o religiose. Questa consanguineit\u00e0 e questo inbreeding aumentano il rischio di sviluppo di malattie recessive, proprio perch\u00e9 la frequenza di questo gene recessivo \u00e8 pi\u00f9 elevata.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"bmscience1681369809\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4jEmjrQ\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Exp_Storefront_Hero_Banner_DT_3000x400\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Exp_Storefront_Hero_Banner_DT_3000x400-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Exp_Storefront_Hero_Banner_DT_3000x400-scaled.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Exp_Storefront_Hero_Banner_DT_3000x400-300x40.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Exp_Storefront_Hero_Banner_DT_3000x400-1024x137.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Exp_Storefront_Hero_Banner_DT_3000x400-768x102.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Exp_Storefront_Hero_Banner_DT_3000x400-1536x205.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Exp_Storefront_Hero_Banner_DT_3000x400-2048x273.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" width=\"2560\" height=\"341\"  style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Caratteristiche delle malattie recessive rispetto alle dominanti:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3ue6Ytn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"817\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/61Y9pU2LE-L._SL1200_-817x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18714\" style=\"width:160px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/61Y9pU2LE-L._SL1200_-817x1024.jpg 817w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/61Y9pU2LE-L._SL1200_-239x300.jpg 239w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/61Y9pU2LE-L._SL1200_-768x963.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/61Y9pU2LE-L._SL1200_.jpg 957w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 817px) 100vw, 817px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3ue6Ytn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Acquista ora<\/a><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>sono pi\u00f9 <strong>uniformi<\/strong> dal punto di vista delle caratteristiche cliniche;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la <strong>penetranza<\/strong> \u00e8 completa;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>l&#8217;<strong>esordio<\/strong> avviene subito, in et\u00e0 precoce;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>in genere riguardano soprattutto <strong>enzimi<\/strong> o <strong>recettori<\/strong> (in questo caso proprio perch\u00e9 il 50% funzionale dell&#8217;enzima non fa comparire la patologia).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Le malattie autosomiche recessive sono numerose e colpiscono vari sistemi. Le principali sono:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><u>Sistema metabolico<\/u>: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bmscience.net\/blog\/fibrosi-cistica-mucoviscidosi-o-malattia-fibrocistica-del-pancreas\/\">Fibrosi cistica<\/a>, Deficit di \u03b1<sub>1<\/sub>-antitripsina, Fenilchetonuria, Malattie da accumulo lisosomiale;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><u>Sistema ematopoietico:<\/u> Anemia falciforme, Talassemie;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><u>Sistema scheletrico<\/u>: Sindrome di Ehlers-Danlos (alcune varianti sono recessive), Alcaptonuria;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><u>Sistema nervoso:<\/u> Atrofie muscolari neurogeniche, Atassia di Friederich, Atrofia muscolare spinale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Fonte: <a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3ue6Ytn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Le basi patologiche delle malattie<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n<div id=\"bmscience414306449\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/42JxJEC\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"81qrrGXKqhL._SX3000_\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/81qrrGXKqhL._SX3000_.jpg\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/81qrrGXKqhL._SX3000_.jpg 2373w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/81qrrGXKqhL._SX3000_-300x68.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/81qrrGXKqhL._SX3000_-1024x233.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/81qrrGXKqhL._SX3000_-768x175.jpg 768w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/81qrrGXKqhL._SX3000_-1536x350.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/81qrrGXKqhL._SX3000_-2048x467.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2373px) 100vw, 2373px\" width=\"2373\" height=\"541\"  style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le malattie autosomiche recessive si differenziano rispetto a quelle dominanti in quanto nell&#8217;albero genealogico, ci sono dei fenomeni isolati.Poich\u00e9 entrambi gli alleli devono essere mutati, la probabilit\u00e0 di avere la patologia \u00e8 sicuramente pi\u00f9 bassa rispetto alle malattie dominanti. I figli hanno infatti il 25% di probabilit\u00e0 di ereditare entrambi gli alleli mutati da genitori&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/ereditarieta-mendeliana-malattie-autosomiche-recessive\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Ereditariet\u00e0 mendeliana: malattie autosomiche recessive<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":14742,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[2870,3823,3879,4590,4616],"class_list":["post-14741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genetica","tag-ereditarieta-mendeliana","tag-imbreeding","tag-incroci","tag-malattia-autosomica-recessiva","tag-malattie-autosomiche-recessive","entry"],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Raffo Coco","author_link":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/author\/raffo\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/Clipboard-3-300x150.jpg","coauthors":[],"tax_additional":{"categories":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/genetica\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Genetica<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Genetica<\/span>"]},"tags":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/genetica\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">ereditariet\u00e0 mendeliana<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/genetica\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">imbreeding<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/genetica\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">incroci<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/genetica\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">malattia autosomica recessiva<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/genetica\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">malattie autosomiche recessive<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">ereditariet\u00e0 mendeliana<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">imbreeding<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">incroci<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">malattia autosomica recessiva<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">malattie autosomiche recessive<\/span>"]}},"comment_count":"0","relative_dates":{"created":"Pubblicato 7 anni fa","modified":"Aggiornato 2 anni fa"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Pubblicato il 10\/12\/2018","modified":"Aggiornato il 06\/02\/2024"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Pubblicato il 10\/12\/2018 13:44","modified":"Aggiornato il 06\/02\/2024 09:26"},"featured_img_caption":"Fonte: Science for Passion","series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14741"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14741\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}