{"id":6008,"date":"2015-02-02T15:21:35","date_gmt":"2015-02-02T14:21:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.bmscience.net\/blog\/?p=6008"},"modified":"2024-03-10T10:49:19","modified_gmt":"2024-03-10T09:49:19","slug":"le-ghiandole-surrenali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/le-ghiandole-surrenali\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Ghiandole Surrenali"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Il <strong>surrene<\/strong> o <strong>ghiandola surrenale<\/strong> \u00e8 un organo pari retroperitoneale situato sul polo superiore di ciascun rene, fra l&#8217;undicesima vertebra toracica e la prima vertebra lombare. Ciascuna ghiandola, di colore giallo-brunastro, pesa 3,5 g, \u00e8 lunga, larga 2,5 e spessa 0,6 cm. Esse sono costituite da un tessuto neuroendocrino specializzato, strettamente correlato al sistema nervoso simpatico.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"bmscience3999911828\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-left: 15px;float: right;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/41788Ed\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Version 1.0.0\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/a817c61d-d9c1-49ca-aaf6-9232dd5759ae.jpg\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/a817c61d-d9c1-49ca-aaf6-9232dd5759ae.jpg 600w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/a817c61d-d9c1-49ca-aaf6-9232dd5759ae-300x250.jpg 300w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/a817c61d-d9c1-49ca-aaf6-9232dd5759ae-180x150.jpg 180w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" width=\"300\" height=\"250\"   \/><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">La loro forma, anche se molto variabile, \u00e8 stata paragonata a quella di un cono a base inferiore o ad un cappello frigio (copricapo conico, con la punta ripiegata in avanti).<br>Riccamente vascolarizzati, ricevono sangue dalle <strong>arterie surrenali superiori<\/strong>, <strong>media<\/strong> e <strong>inferiore<\/strong> che derivano, rispettivamente, dall&#8217;arteria frenica, dall&#8217;<strong>aorta<\/strong> e dall&#8217;<strong>arteria renale<\/strong>.<br>Il ritorno venoso \u00e8 assicurato dalla vena surrenalica, che sbocca a sinistra nella vena renale e a destra nella <strong>vena cava inferiore<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Le ghiandole surrenali sono formate da due porzioni che differiscono per la struttura e gli ormoni che secernono:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La CORTICALE SURRENALE, pi\u00f9 esterna;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La MIDOLLARE SURRENALE, pi\u00f9 interna.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div id=\"bmscience2113149501\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3495866718878812\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3495866718878812\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"4682122636\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"702\" height=\"529\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/R.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-19995\" srcset=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/R.png 702w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/R-300x226.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 702px) 100vw, 702px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La ZONA <strong>GLOMERULARE<\/strong>, zona pi\u00f9 esterna (15%): cellule organizzate in irregolari gomitoli o GLOMERULI;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La ZONA <strong>FASCICOLATA<\/strong>, zona intermedia (78%): cellule organizzate in cordoni cellulari a decorso radiale;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>La ZONA <strong>RETICOLARE<\/strong>, zona pi\u00f9 interna (7%): cellule organizzate in cordoni anastomizzati a formare una rete grossolana.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div id=\"bmscience1227032059\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><script async src=\"\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3495866718878812\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" style=\"display:block;\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3495866718878812\" \ndata-ad-slot=\"4682122636\" \ndata-ad-format=\"auto\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\n<script> \n(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); \n<\/script>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Disfunzioni delle ghiandole surrenali<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">L\u2019<strong>ipersecrezione di cortisolo<\/strong> (da parte della corticale del surrenale) causa la <strong>sindrome di Cushing<\/strong>, caratterizzata dalla degradazione delle proteine muscolari e da una particolare ridistribuzione del grasso corporeo da cui derivano braccia e gambe affusolate, ma un viso tipicamente arrotondato, una gobba sulla schiena e l\u2019addome cascante.<br>La disfunzione causa anche iperglicemia, osteoporosi, debolezza, ipertensione, basse difese immunitarie, minore resistenza allo stress e sbalzi di umore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left\">Mentre un&#8217;<strong>iperplasia surrenalica congenita<\/strong> (SAG) provoca:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i.pinimg.com\/originals\/58\/69\/89\/58698927750980be66c22e8144bafb48.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"bmscience402674149\" style=\"margin-top: 15px;margin-bottom: 15px;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/4khcq3s\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Cattura\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Cattura-1.png\" alt=\"\"  srcset=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Cattura-1.png 647w, https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Cattura-1-300x90.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" width=\"647\" height=\"194\"  style=\"display: inline-block;\" \/><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Il surrene o ghiandola surrenale \u00e8 un organo pari retroperitoneale situato sul polo superiore di ciascun rene, fra l&#8217;undicesima vertebra toracica e la prima vertebra lombare. Ciascuna ghiandola, di colore giallo-brunastro, pesa 3,5 g, \u00e8 lunga, larga 2,5 e spessa 0,6 cm. Esse sono costituite da un tessuto neuroendocrino specializzato, strettamente correlato al sistema nervoso&hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/le-ghiandole-surrenali\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Le Ghiandole Surrenali<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[40,62],"tags":[2009,2012,3513,4095,4853,6535,6828,7269,8111,8112,8115],"class_list":["post-6008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anatomia","category-fisiologia","tag-corticale-surrenale","tag-cortisolo","tag-ghiandole-surrenali","tag-iperplasia-surrenalica-congenita","tag-midollare-surrenale","tag-sag","tag-sindrome-di-cushing","tag-surrene","tag-zona-fascicolata","tag-zona-glomerulare","tag-zona-reticolare","entry"],"author_meta":{"display_name":"Raffo Coco","author_link":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/author\/raffo\/"},"featured_img":null,"coauthors":[],"tax_additional":{"categories":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/anatomia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Anatomia<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Fisiologia<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Anatomia<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Fisiologia<\/span>"]},"tags":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">corticale surrenale<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">cortisolo<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Ghiandole surrenali<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">iperplasia surrenalica congenita<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">midollare surrenale<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">SAG<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Sindrome di Cushing<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">surrene<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">zona fascicolata<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">zona glomerulare<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/category\/medicina\/fisiologia\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">zona reticolare<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">corticale surrenale<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">cortisolo<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Ghiandole surrenali<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">iperplasia surrenalica congenita<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">midollare surrenale<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">SAG<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Sindrome di Cushing<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">surrene<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">zona fascicolata<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">zona glomerulare<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">zona reticolare<\/span>"]}},"comment_count":"0","relative_dates":{"created":"Pubblicato 11 anni fa","modified":"Aggiornato 2 anni fa"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Pubblicato il 02\/02\/2015","modified":"Aggiornato il 10\/03\/2024"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Pubblicato il 02\/02\/2015 15:21","modified":"Aggiornato il 10\/03\/2024 10:49"},"featured_img_caption":"","series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6008","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6008"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6008\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6008"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6008"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bmscience.net\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6008"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}